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在拳击训练过程中建立和健全自我监督制度，加强医务监督工作，其目的是最 大可能地利用医学的手段，对拳击运动进行观察指导，促进运动员的身体健康，增 强体质，提高拳击技术水平。因此，在训练前、训练中和训练后，对运动员进行医 务监督工作，将对运动员起着积极的保护作用。运动员由于比赛的激烈进行，可能 感觉不到某些部位的不适，往往在赛后就会出现一些症状，因此必须加强赛后的医 务监督。在赛后要密切注意观察，尤其是脑部受伤的运动员。如遇到头痛、恶心、 呕吐等症状，应立即送往医院进行检查治疗。
同时应教会运动员自我监督，随时注意自己的身体反应（如头晕、疲乏感 等），注意运动器官的局部反应（如肌肉酸痛、僵硬、关节疼痛等），当反应不 良时，要及时调整运动量。
(四） 掌握正确的拳击技术和训练方法
比赛和训练中创伤的一个重要原因，是运动员的技术动作错误或不熟练。尤 其是防守技术不熟练，如只顾进攻，对自己的防护不够，两手太低等原因。只有 在不断磨练技术和掌握合理的训练方法的基础上，才能进行实战，才能避免拳击 的创伤。要认真做好准备活动，内容和量要根据所要进行活动的性质、运动员个 别情况及气象条件而定。要合理安排运动量，尤其要注意运动器官的局部负担和 伤后的训练安排，防止局部负担过重。
总之，尽管拳击是一项激烈的对抗运动，但是与其它项目比，它的受伤率并不 很高，而且死亡和事故多发生在职业拳击比赛中，因此只要我们充分加以注意并且 采取必要的措施，完全可以将拳击的事故和创伤降低到最低限度的。
附录拳击运动常用英语术语
| 拳击 | Boxing |
| 比赛项目（男子） | events (m) |
| 拳击 | boxing ; pugilism |
| 拳击比赛 | boxing match ; boxing competition |
| 职业拳击 | professional boxing |
| 业余拳击 | amateur boxer |
| 49公斤级（特轻量级） | up to 49 kg (flyweight) Men |
| 52公斤级（最轻量级） | 49-52 kg (bantamweight) Men |
| 56公斤级（次轻量级） | 52-56 kg (featherweight) Men |
| 60公斤级（轻量级） | 56-60 kg (lightweight) Men |
| 64公斤级（超轻暈级） | 60-64 kg (light welterweight) Men |
| 69公斤级（次中量级） | 64-69 kg (welterweight) Men |
| 75公斤级（中量级） | 69-75 kg (middleweight) Men |
| 81公斤级（重量级） | 75-81 kg (light heavyweight) Men |
| 91公斤级（最重级） | 81-91 kg (heavyweight) Men |
| 91公斤级以上（超重量级） | over 91 kg (super heavyweight) Men |
| 人员 | |
| 拳击手 | boxer ; pugilist |
| 职业拳击手 | Professional boxer |
| 业余拳击手 | amateur boxer |
| 进攻型拳击手 | offensive boxer |
| 防卫型拳击手 | defensive boxer |
| 舞蹈性拳击手 | dancer |
| 快速拳击手 | fast boxer |
| 慢速拳击手 | slow boxer ; sluggard ; sluggish fighter |
| 耐击拳手 | durable boxer |
| 左撇子 | southpaw |
| 惯用左手的 | left-handed |
| 占优势的拳击手 | effective aggressor |
| 犯规拳击手 | offending boxer |
| 过渡训练的 | overstrained |
| 积极的 | aggressive |
| 助手 | second |
| 第二助手 | assistant second |
| 仲裁委员会 | commission of refereeing and judging |
| 裁判员 | boxing official |
| 台上裁判员 | referee |
| 台下评判员 | judge ; ringside official |
| 宣告员 | announcer |
| 技术规则委员会 | technical and rules commission |
| 技术官员 | technical officer |
| 检查员 | inspector |
| 拳击陪练 | sparring partner |
| 设施/装备 | facilities / equipment |
| 比赛厅 | competitors' room |
| 拳击台 | ring area； ring |
| 拳击台台面 | ring floor ； floor |
| 拳击台面帆布 | ring canvas |
| 拳击台台阶 | ring steps |
| 拳击台围绳 | ring apron |
| 拳击台绳子的拉紧状态 | tension of the ropes |
| 拳击台围绳以外部分 | apron |
| 拳击台下 | ringside |
| 角桩 | corner post |
| 角 | corner |
| 红角 | red corner |
| 蓝角 | blue corner |
| 中立角 | neutral corner |
| 角凳 | ring stool ； corner stool |
| 角垫 | corner pads |
| 靠绳 | ropes |
| 锣 | gong |
| 铃 | bell |
| 松香；松脂 | resin |
| 松香盘 | resin tray |
| 水桶 | bucket |
| 称重室 | weighing-in room |
| 绷带检查室 | bandage inspection room |
| 手套检查室 | gloving room |
| 显示系统 | display system |
| 计分器 | scoring machine |
| 电子记分器 | electronic scoring machine |
| 记分表 | scoring paper |
| 计时器 | timing device |
| 秤 | scales |
| 训练馆 | training hall |
| 拳击沙袋 | training bag; heavy bag; punch sack; punch bag |
| 不倒翁拳击沙袋 | punching ball ； punch ball |
| 梨形沙袋 | suspended bag ; speed bag |
| 速度球；梨形速度球 | speedball |
| 墙靶 | wall punch pad |
| 小梨球台 | speed-ball platform |
| 螺丝扣 | turnbuckle |
| 跳绳 | skipping rope |
| 急救箱 | first-aid kit |
| 橡皮膏 | adhesive plaster |
| 旋转座位 | swiveling seat |
| 背心 | vest ; singlet |
| 拳击短裤 | boxing trunks |
| 拳击鞋 | boxing boots |
| 弹力带 | elastic waistband |
| 绷带 | bandages ; hand wrap |
| 护齿 | gum shield |
| 护裆 | cup protector |
| 护头；头盔 | protective headgear ; protective head guard |
| 拳击披风 | boxing robe |
| 腰带 | belt |
| 毛巾 | towel |
| 海绵 | sponge |
| 拳击手套 | boxing gloves |
| 拳击练习手套 | bag mitt ; bag glove |
| 十指手套 | 10 ounce glove |
| 拳击练习手套；露指手套 | catcher's mitts ; punch pads |
| 衬垫物 | glove padding |
| 规则/裁判 | rules / refereeing |
| 重量级 | weight categories ； weight classifications |
| 最大体重 | weight limit |
| 称量体重 | official weigh-in |
| 体重达到级别要求 | make the weight (to) |
| 年龄限制 | age limit |
| 轮空 | bye |
| 绷带检查 | hand wrap inspection ； bandage inspection |
| 手套检查 | glove inspection |
| 握手 | shaking of hands |
| 交换旗帜 | exchange of pennants |
| 场 | bout |
| 回合 | round |
| 拳击回合数 | number of rounds |
| 拳击比赛时间 | duration of the contest ； length of the bout |
| 休息时间 | rest period ； rest interval ; interval |
| 完成全部四个回合的比赛 | go the full four rounds (to) |
| 开始！ | Box ! |
| 停打 | Stop ! |
| 分开！ | Break ! |
| 时间到！ | Time out! |
| 撤离拳击台！ | Clear the ring ! |
| 助手退场！ | Seconds out ! |
| 退场 | Out ! |
| 击倒 | knock down (to) ; drop (to) |
| 被击倒 | be knocked down |
| 倒地 | go down (to) |
| (被）击倒 | K0 |
| 击倒不起（对手倒地10秒内不 能起立） | knock out (to) |
| 被击倒不起 | be knocked out |
| 绝对胜利 | knockout ; K0 |
| 被击晕 | standing knockout |
| 开始记时 | take the count (to) |
| 数秒 | count |
| 数8秒 | count of eight ; eight count |
| 数10秒 | count of ten |
| 数到10;判输 | counter out (to) |
| 强制数8秒 | compulsory count ; mandatory eight count |
| 站立计时 | standing count |
| 强制性计时限制 | compulsory count limit |
| 暂停计时；暂停数秒 | suspend a count (to) |
| 判分 | award points (to) |
| 有效部位 | regular hitting surface ； target area |
| 得点拳 | scoring hits |
| 有效拳 | correct blows ； clean punches |
| 有意识犯规 | intentional foul |
| 犯规拳 | foul ; illegal blow |
| 不合法动作 | illegal action |
| 两次犯规失掉资格 | double disqualification |
| 警告 | caution |
| 等待裁决 | wait for the decision (to) |
| 全体一致决定 | unanimous decision |
| 把扭抱的拳击手分开 | break a clinch (to) |
| 终止比赛 | stop the contest (to) ; stop the bout (to) |
| 裁判员终止比赛 | referee-stop contest ; RSC |
| 因头部受击裁判员宣布终止比赛 | referee-stop contest head ; RSC-H |
| 胜局 | bout won |
| 击败对手 | be outclassed (to) |
| 得分获胜 | win on points |
| 因对方弃权而获胜 | win by retirement |
| 裁判员终止比赛获胜 | win by referee stopping contest |
| 取消比赛资格获胜 | win by disqualification |
| 击倒获胜 | win by knock-out |
| 技术击倒；技术获胜 | technical knockout |
| 因头部受重击终止比赛获胜 | win by "referee stop contest head" ; win by RSC-H |
| 对手未出场获胜 | win by forfeit ; win by walkover |
| 中场获胜 | ahead-of-time win |
| 因得分落后而失败 | loss on points |
| 因放弃比赛而失败 | loss by retirement |
| 因裁判员终止比赛而失败 | loss by referee stopping contest |
| 因取消比赛资格而失败 | loss by disqualification |
| 因被击倒不起而失败 | loss by knockout |
| 因头部受重击比赛终止而失败 | loss by "referee stop contest head": loss by RSC-H |
| 分数领先 | lead on points (to) |
| 弃权 | withdraw (to) ; retire (to) |
| 放弃比赛 | no contest |
| 弃权 | walkover |
| 认输 | throw in the sponge (to) ; throw in the towel (to) |
| 举起手套(认输） | hand up the glovers (to) |
| 举起手 | raise the hand (to) |
| 举起胜者的胳臂 | raise the winner's arm (to) |
| 平局 | draw |
| 受伤 | injury |
| 裂口 | cut • |
| 眉弓裂伤 | cut over the eye ; eyebrow cut |
| 头部击中后站立不稳 | groggy |
| 不适合进行拳击（医检） | unfit for boxing |
| 一边倒的比赛 | one-sided contest |
| 势均力敌的比赛 | equal bout ； even bout |
| 头部危险动作 | dangerous use of the head |
| 吐出护齿 | spit out the gum shield (to) |
| 超出距离 | out of distance |
| 技术/战术 | technique / tactics |
| 拳击 | put on the gloves |
| 击打 | fight (to) |
| 打击 | punch ; blow ; hit |
| 打击 | hit (to) ; strike (to) ; land a hit (to) |
| 打击力量 | hitting power; punching power |
| 搏击能力 | fighting ability |
| 用头部撞 | head butt |
| 以肘击人 | elbow blow |
| 用前臂击打 | forearm blow |
| 击后脑勺 | rabbit punch ; blow on the back of the neck |
| 用脚踢 | butt with the foot (to) |
| 用膝顶 | butt with the knee (to) |
| 卡对方的脖子 | throttle the opponent (to) |
| 夹住对手胳膊 | holding of the opponent's arm |
| 基本拳法 | fundamental blows |
| 开始拳 | leading-off blow |
| 手掌击 | slapping blow |
| 反手击 | backhand blow |
| 开掌打击 | blow with the open glove |
| 用拳击手套手掌部位打击 | blow with the inside of the glove |
| 左手拳 | left-hand blow ; left |
| 右手拳 | right-hand blow ; right |
| 直拳 | straight blow ； straight punch |
| 左直拳 | straight left |
| 右直拳 | straight right |
| 直拳击头 | straight to the head |
| 勾拳 | hook |
| 头部勾拳 | head hook |
| 面部勾拳 | hook to the head |
| 肝部勾拳 | hook to the liver |
| 上体勾拳 | body hook |
| 左勾拳 | left hook |
| 右勾拳 | right hook |
| 上勾拳 | uppercut • |
| 左上勾拳 | left uppercut |
| 右上勾拳 | right uppercut |
| 摆拳 | swings |
| 左击拳 | land a left (to) |
| 右击拳 | land a right (to) |
| 虚晃 | feint (to) |
| 虚拳 | fake blow |
| 连续击打 | press (to) |
| 打组合拳 | deliver a series of blows (to) |
| 连续拳 | series of blows ； combination of blows |
| 左右连续拳 | left-right combination |
| 右左连续拳 | right-left combination |
| _二连击 | one-two punch |
| 拳打脚踢 | flurry of blows |
| 猛击 | Slugged |
| 击头部的拳 | head blow |
| 击胸部的拳 | heart blow |
| 击胃部的拳 | solar plexus blow |
| 腹部拳 | body blow |
| 腰部拳 | kidney blow |
| 腰下拳 | low blow ； blow below the belt |
| 击背部的拳 | hit on the back |
| 轻打 | weak punch ; light punch |
| 重击 | wallop ; hard blow |
| 打偏一拳 | deflect a blow (to) |
| 偏拳 | deflected blow |
| 转身击打 | pivot blow |
| 决定性打击 | decisive blow |
| 前边的手臂 | leading hand |
| 后边的手臂 | striking hand |
| 进攻 | rush (to) |
| 防守；防御 | guard ; defense |
| 防守动作 | defensive action |
| 传统防守 • | classic guard |
| 左手防守 | left-hand guard |
| 不严密的防守姿势 | open "on guard" |
| 低姿势防守 | low guard |
| 高姿式防守 | high guard |
| 严密防守 | closed guard |
| 开放式防守 | open guard |
| 弯腰防守 | crouching "on guard" |
| 还击 | cross ; cross-counter |
| 反击 | counterattack ； counterpunch ； counter neck ; |
| 还击 | counter (to) |
| 直击 | counter to a straight |
| 左右躲闪后反击 | counter with right/left ducking |
| 反攻者 | counter-offensive boxer |
| 躲闪后反击 | counter with slipping |
| 防守反击 | counter with parrying |
| 退后一步后反击 | counter with stepping away |
| 格挡 | parry(to) ; parry |
| 阻挡一拳 | block a blow (to) |
| 躲闪 | evasion ; slipping |
| 下蹲躲闪；下潜躲闪 | low ducking |
| 移动躲闪 | weaving |
| 侧身躲闪 | slipping |
| 低头躲避 | ducking |
| 摆体躲闪 | swerve (to) |
| 晃动防守 | sway away (to) |
| 撤步防守 | step away (to) |
| 躲开一拳 | slip a punch (to) |
| 近战 | close fighting |
| 中距离击打 | medium-quarter fighting ; medium-range fighting |
| 远距离击打 | outfighting |
| 抱住 | hold (to) ； tie up (to) |
| 拉住对方打 | pull and hit (to) |
| 步法 | foot position； footwork |
| 侧步 | side step |
| 向后移步 | back step |
| 向前移步 | forward step |
| 保持领先 | retain the advantage (to) |
| 伸臂；臂长 | 「each |
| 臂长 | longer in the reach |
| 头低过对手腰带部位 | ducking below the belt of the opponent |
| 双臂掩护 | double cover |
| 空拳攻防练习 | shadow boxing |
| 蹲伏 | crouch (to) |
| 进行拳击 | go boxing (to); box (to) |
| 蹒跚；摇摇晃晃 | be staggered (to) |
| 冲撞 | charge (to) |
| 消极战 | passive boxing |
| 揭开 | uncover (to) |
| 背对对手 | turning outwards |
| 互击 | exchange of blows |
| 经得起拳打 | absorb blows (to) |
| 被击一拳 | take a hit (to); let a blow pass (to) |
| 平衡 | balance |
| 拳击技术 | ring-craft |
| 刺拳；用拳猛击 | jab |
| 和对手保持一段距离 | keep one's opponent at distance (to) |
| 上拳击台 | mount the ring (to) |
| 进攻点 | striking hand |
| 身体易受攻击点 | vulnerable spots of the body |
| 第一姿势 | first position |
| 撤退；撤拳 | retreat (to) |
| 抱着打 | hold and hit (to) |
| 跳绳 | skip (to) |
| 拳峰部位 | knuckle part of the glove |
| 利用绳 | use of the ropes |
| 摇晃 | stagger (to) |
| 下颌 | chin ; lower jaw |
| 抓住围绳；靠在围绳上 | hold the ropes (to) |
| 倒向围绳 | hang on the ropes (to) |
| 身体贴靠对方 | lean on one's opponent (to) |
| 身体贴靠围绳上 | lean on the ropes (to) |
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